福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:不等式

福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:不等式,福建省,厦门市,不等式,莲山课件.

专题十八 U,V,W,Y字部

1. understand

v.懂得,理解,明白;了解,知道;谅解,体谅

词形变化:过去式understood,过去分词understood

用法:make oneself understood清楚表达自己的意思;understand+ that/wh-从句。例如:

I’m not very good at German, but I can make myself understood. 我德语不太好,不过我能说清楚自己的意思。

You don’t need to understand how computers work to be able to use them. 要使用计算机不需要非得搞懂它的工作原理。

词性转换:understanding  adj.了解的额,有理解力的;n.谅解,理解;understandable  adj.可以理解的

反义词:misunderstand  v.误解,误会

 

(2019,北京卷,阅读C)To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.

2. use

v.&n.利用,使用,应用

关联词组:make (full/good) use of(充分)使用,利用;be in use在使用中;be of use (to sb.)(对某人)有用;for use供使用;easy to use使用方便;It’s no use doing sth.做某事没用

动词用法:常用结构有use sth. as sth.把某物用作……;use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事;use sth. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事使用某物。例如:

My parents use the house as a holiday home. 我父母把这房子用作度假屋。

Most people now use their cars to go shopping. 现在大多数人开车去购物。

They were using animals for scientific tests. 他们用动物做科学实验。

名词用法:

○1可数名词,表示“用途,用处”。例如:

Robots have many different uses in modern industry. 机器人在现代工业中有多种不同用途。

○2不可数名词,表示“用,使用”,指用的动作,仅以单数形式出现;其后通常接介词of。例如:

the increasing use of computers in education 电脑在教育领域中越来越多的使用

词性转换:used  adj.二手的,使用过的;习惯的;usable  adj.可用的;useful  adj.有用的,有益的,有帮助的;useless  adj.无用的;usage  n.使用;用法;user  n.用户,使用者

 

(2019,山东卷,单项填空)

20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.

A. although                       B. because                    C. if

3. usual

adj.通常的,平常的,寻常的

关联词组:as usual像往常一样,照例;usual practice惯例,通常办法

用法:It is usual (for sb./sth.) (to do sth.)(某人)通常(做某事);longer/higher/worse than usual比平时长/高/差。例如:

It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming. 讲话前先感谢大家光临,这是惯例。

He came home later than usual. 他回家比平时晚了些。

词性转换:usually  adv.通常,经常

近义词:normal  adj.正常的,一般的

 

(2019,江苏卷,阅读表达)

I find it very easy to lose myself in my diary when I am away from my usual activities.

4. value

n.价值;益处

关联词组:market value市场价值;economic value经济价值;social value社会价值

用法:

○1表示“价值”,与“钱”相关,相当于cost;后跟介词of。例如:

to go up/rise/increase in value 升/增值;to go down/fall/drop in value 贬值

○2表示“重要性,用/益处”,相当于benefit,只作不可数名词;be of great/little value很/没有价值。例如:

His research has been of little practical value. 他的研究没有什么实用价值。

词性转换:valuable  adj.有价值的;贵重的;n.贵重物品

 

(2019,江苏卷,填空)

45. The Book of Poetry, the earliest collection of poems, is of great value in Chinese       ▲      (历史).

5. visit

v.&n.参观,游览;访问,拜访,看望

动词用法:visit+某地,表示“参观,游览”;visit+某人,表示“拜访,看望,访问”。例如:

Which cities did you visit in Spain? 你在西班牙去了哪些城市?

Eric went to Seattle to visit his cousins. 埃里克到西雅图去看望他的表兄弟。

名词用法:pay a visit to sb./sth.参观/拜访……。例如:

If you have time, pay a visit to the local museum. 你若有空,参观一下当地的博物馆。

关联单词:visitor  n.访问者;参观者

 

(2019,北京卷,单项填空)

10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I        tickets for you tomorrow.

A. will book        B. booked        C. have booked        D. was booking

6. voice

n.说话声;嗓音

用法:

○1特指唱歌的“声音、音质”。例如:

Sophie’s got a lovely singing voice. 索菲有一副悦耳的歌喉。

○2表示“说话声,嗓音”;常用搭配如speak in a deep/soft/loud/quiet voice 低沉地说、轻柔地说、大声地说、轻声地说;raise/lower your voice提高/压低嗓门;keep one’s voice down 说话轻一些。例如:

“The police are here,” she said in a low voice. “警察在这儿,”她低声说。

○3还可喻指“意见,呼声”,或“发言权,表达意见的权利”;其后常接in sth.。例如:

Governments need to listen to the voice of people.政府需要倾听民众的呼声。

词性转换:voiceless  adj.无声的;voiced  adj.有声的;浊音的

 

(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)

9.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I can hear you _______________?

A. quickly        B. happily        C. slowly            D. clearly

7. wait

v.等(待),等候

关联词组:can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事;wait and see走着瞧;keep sb. waiting让某人等待

用法:

○1wait接宾语时通常先接for;wait (for sb./sth.) to do sth.等待(……)做某事。例如:

I sat waiting patiently for the party to end. 我耐心地坐着等待聚会结束。

Are you waiting to use the phone? 你在等着用电话吗?

○2口语中常用wait a minute/second/moment表示“等一下;等等”。例如:

Wait a moment, just let me think. 等一下,让我想想。

 

(2019,北京卷,单项填空)

1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see           .

A. her        B. him        C. it        D. them

8. warm

adj.暖和的,温暖的;热情的

用法:

○1本义与温度相关,可形容事物本事温度适中;可形容身体感到温暖;可形容衣服或建筑物保暖、防寒;常和keep/stay搭配使用。例如:

Here, put on your nice warm coat. 来,穿上你舒适暖和的大衣。

Make sure you keep warm! 一定要穿暖和点!

○2喻指“热情的,热忱的”,相当于friendly。例如:

Please give a warm welcome to our special guest. 请热烈欢迎我们的特邀嘉宾。

词性转换:warmth  n.温暖,暖和;warmly  adv.温暖地;热情地

反义词:cool  adj.凉(爽)的:注意其近义词cold(寒冷的)通常与hot(炎热的)相对

(2019,北京卷,阅读A)My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted.

9. warn

v.警告,提醒,告诫;预先通知

用法:warn sb. about/against sth.就某事警告某人;warn (sb.) of sth.警告某人某事;warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人(不)做某事。warn sb. (that/wh-从句)。例如:

He warned us against thieves. 他提醒我们要提防小偷。

They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone. 他们警告他独自航行的重重危险。

I warned you not to walk home alone. 我告诫过你不要一个人走路回家。

We warned them that there was a tiger in the woods. 我们提醒他们,林子里有一只老虎。

词性转换:warning  n.警告;预兆,预告

 

(2019,湖南卷,语篇补全)In some places, fast currents(急流)can sweep swimmers away without warning.

10. waste

v.浪费;n.浪费;废弃物

动词用法:waste sth. on sb./sth.在……上浪费……。例如:

Don’t waste your time on computer games! 别把时间浪费在电脑游戏上!

名词用法:

○1表示“浪费”,常用作单数形式,其后通常跟介词of;常用于短语be a waste of time/money/effort浪费时间/钱/精力。例如:

We should never have gone- it was a total waste of time. 我们真不该去——那纯粹是浪费时间。

○2表示“废料,废弃物,垃圾”,不可数名词,但可以用wastes形式。例如:

They do not know what to do with the waste. 他们不知道该怎样处理这些废物。

词性转换:wasteful  adj.浪费的,不经济的;wastefully  adv.浪费地;挥霍地

 

(2019,阅读卷,阅读C)Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.

11. watch

v.观看,注释;当心,注意;n.看守;监视;手表,表

动词用法:

○1与“看”相关,表示“观看,注视,观察”; watch (…) with interest/amusement饶有兴致地看;watch sb./sth. do/doing sth.看着某人做某事(do和doing区别同see);watch+ wh-从句。例如:

I watched him go, then went home. 我看着他离去,然后回了家。

She watched the kids playing in the room. 她看着孩子们在房间里玩。

Watch what I do, then you try. 你注意看我的动作,然后试着做。

○2与“小心,留意”相关,表示“留心,注意(某事);照看,照顾;关注”;watch out小心,留意;watch oneself当心;watch+ that/wh-从句。例如:

Could you watch my bags for me while I buy a paper? 我去买份报纸,你能替我照看一下我的包吗?

Hey, watch where you’re going! 嘿,瞧着点路!

名词用法:

○1取动词相关含义,意为“注视,监视;看守;值班”等;其后常接介词on/over;be on watch值班。例如:

The police kept a close watch on our activities. 警察密切监视着我们的活动。

Who’s on watch tonight? 今晚谁值班?

○2表示“表,手表;怀表”。例如:

She kept looking anxiously at her watch. 她焦急不安地一个劲儿看表。

词性转换:watchful  adj.注意的,警惕的;watchfully  adv.警惕地;watcher  n.观察者;看守人

 

(2019,浙江卷,完形)

One evening Charlie happened to be in the theatre ___5___his mother singing on stage.

5. A. feeling    B. keeping    C. realizing    D. watching

12. weak

adj.差的,弱的;不牢固的

用法:

○1指身体,表示“虚弱的,不强壮的”;too weak to do sth.太虚弱而不能做某事。例如:

She’s too weak to feed herself. 她虚弱得吃不动东西。

○2指物体,

福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:方程组

福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:方程组,福建省,厦门市,方程组,莲山课件.

表示“不牢固的,易破的,已损坏的”,如a weak bridge 不牢固的桥

○3指性格,表示“软弱的,意志薄弱的”,含有贬义。例如:

Her husband is a weak man.她的丈夫是个懦弱的男人。

○4形容缺少power,表示“无权力的,无影响力的”。如weak leader/ruler/king软弱的领袖/统治者/国王

词性转换:weakly  adv.虚弱地,无力地;软弱地;weakness  n.弱点;软弱;weaken  v.(使)变弱

反义词:strong  adj.强壮的

 

(2019,山东卷,单项填空)

22. Ants are pretty small. You might think that they _________be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size.

A. need                      B. can’t                      C. must

13. wealth

n.财产,财富;富有

g

用法:不可数名词;可用于a wealth of sth.中,表示“大量的/丰富的某物”。例如:

The new manager brings a great wealth of experience to the job. 新任经理为这项工作带来了丰富的经验。

词性转换:wealthy=rich  adj.富有的,充分的;wealthily  adv.丰富地;富有地

 

(2019,湖北卷,阅读B)Once upon a time, a wealthy old man lived alone in a big house.

14. wear

v.穿,戴;磨损

词形变化:过去式wore,过去分词worn

关联词组:wear away磨损,消磨,流逝

用法:可指“穿戴/佩戴”衣服或饰物,也可指“蓄留”须发。例如:

She wears her hair long. 她梳着长发。

熟词僻义:wear还可以表示“磨损,消耗,用旧”,通常与介词out搭配使用;wear (sth.) out(使)磨损;用坏;wear sb./oneself out使疲乏,使筋疲力尽;其过去分词形式worn out比较常见,worn-out可以放在名词前作定语。例如:

He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿坏了两双鞋。

You’ll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard. 你要是继续这样拼命工作,身体会吃不消的。

These shoes are worn out. 这双鞋破得不能再穿了。

a pair of old worn-out walking shoes一双穿破了的旧步行鞋

Can we sit down? I’m worn out. 我们能坐下吗?我都累坏了。

词性转换:worn  adj.疲倦的;用旧的;wearable  adj.可穿戴的

 

(2019,浙江卷,完形)I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore.

15. weigh

v.称……的重量;重(若干);认真考虑,权衡

用法:

○1作连系动词,表示“重(若干),重量是”,后面接具体的重量。例如:

Do you know how much it weighs? 你知道它的重量吗?

○2作实义动词,表示“称……的重量”。例如:

He weighed some potatoes on the scales. 他用秤称了一些土豆。

熟词僻义:还可表示“认真考虑,权衡(某事)”,常用于weigh sth. against sth.在……之间权衡。例如:

We have to weigh the benefits against the costs. 我们必须把好处和费用放在一起进行权衡。

词性转换:weight  n.重量;weighty  adj.重大;重大的

 

(2019,安徽卷,阅读B)Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool.

16. whole

adj.整个的,全部的;n.整体;整个事物

关联词组:whole life一生;in the whole world普天之下;the whole day整天

形容词用法:仅用于名词前;the whole school/country/village等表示“全校/全国/全村等的人”。例如:

The whole town came out for the celebration. 全镇人都出来庆祝了。

名词用法:主要用于一些短语中,如:on the whole总的看来,总体而言;as a whole整个来看(表示所有部分都已考虑到)。例如:

On the whole, I thought the film was pretty good. 总的来说,我认为这部电影很不错。

The meeting will be great for our city and for the country as a whole. 这次会晤对我们城市乃至整个国家都将是意义重大的。

词性转换:wholly  adv.完全地,全部

近义词:full/complete  adj.完全的,全部的

 

(2019,浙江卷,语法填空)

However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ____55____ the fruit.

17. win

v.&n.获胜,赢得

词形变化:过去式won,过去分词won

用法:

○1可指在竞赛、游戏、选举、战争等中“获胜,赢”,也可指“赢得、获得”奖品;可作及物动词直接跟宾语,也可不及物;win at在……中获胜;win against sb.赢了某人;win by赢了(多少分)。例如:

I never win at cards. 我打牌从来不赢。

We won by just one point. 我们只赢了一分。

○2表示通过努力或凭能力“获得、取得(某物)”。常见搭配如win sb.’s heart赢得某人的心;win sb.’s support/trust赢得某人的支持/信任;win sth. from sb.从某人处获得某物。例如:

I’m trying to win support from my parents. 我在努力争取父母亲的支持。

关联单词:winner=victor  n.胜利者;victory  n.胜利

反义词:lose  v.失败;丢失;失去

(2019,北京卷,阅读B)

Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win—in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.

18. wise

adj.聪明的,英明的,有见识的

用法:可用来形容决定、意见、行动或选择等“明智的,合理恰当的”,也可用来形容人“英明的,有智慧的”;wise后面常接to do sth.。例如:

You were wise not to go. 你没有去是明智的。

She has the air of a wise woman.  她有才女的气质。

词性转换:wisely  adv.明智地,聪明地;wisdom  n.智慧,才智;明智

近义词:smart/clever  adj.聪明的

 

(2019年,江苏卷,阅读D)The king of my own country, the wise King Solomon, likes this bright purple better than any other color.

19. wish

v.&n.愿望,祝愿;希望,想要;意愿

关联词组:against sb.’s wishes违反某人的意愿;make a wish许愿;wish list愿望清单

动词用法:

○1表示“祝(愿)”,指祝某人好运、幸福等;wish sb. sth.祝某人某事;wish sb. well祝某人顺利。例如:

We wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! 我们祝你圣诞快乐、新年幸福!

My friends wished me well in my new job. 朋友们祝我新工作顺利。

○2表示“希望;想拥有”,相当于if only的含义,通常指不可能或可能性很小的事;作及物动词时,其后常接that从句,从句中的谓语动词通常用过去式或者借助would/could等词,be动词用was或were,已发生的事用had done结构;作不及物动词可用wish for sth.。例如:

I wish they would explain things better. 我希望他们把事情解释得更清楚

I wish I were ten years younger. 我真希望自己年轻十岁。

It was no use wishing for the impossible. 不可能的事情想也没用。

○3表示“想要,想做(某事)”,相当于want或like;wish to do sth.想要做某事;(just) as you wish(正)如你所愿。例如:

If you wish to discuss it further, please let me know. 如您想进一步讨论此事,请告知我。

“I’d like it to be ready by six.” “Just as you wish, sir.” “我希望6点之前准备好。”“听您的,先生。”

名词用法:名词wish后面也可接to do sth.或for sth.;常用good/best wishes (for sb.)短语;口语或书信中常用(with) best wishes表示“祝好”。例如:

He had no wish to start a fight. 他无意挑衅。

She asked me to pass on her good wishes to all her friends. 她请我向她所有的朋友转达良好的祝愿。

词性转换:wishful(ly)  adj.渴望的,寄予希望的

同义词:hope  v.希望

 

(2019年,山东卷,阅读C)He wanted to see if his wish had really come true.

20. wonder

v. 对……疑惑,感到惊奇;想知道

用法:wonder about/at sth.对某事感到惊讶;wonder +wh-从句/if/whether从句;I wonder/was wondering if/whether在口语中还可用于礼貌地要求某事,意为“我不知道是否……;不知可不可以”。例如:

Sometimes I wonder about his behaviour. 有时我对他的行为感到惊讶。

I wonder how James is getting on. 我想知道詹姆斯的近况。

I was wondering if I could borrow your car? 请问我能否借一下你的汽车?

词性转换:wonderful(ly)  adj.奇妙的,极好的;wonderland  n.奇境,仙境,非常奇妙的

 

(2019年,山东卷,阅读表达A)Are you wondering what problems others have?

21. worth

adj. 有……的价值,值得……的;n.价值

形容词用法:通常和be动词连用,be worth (doing) sth.值……钱;值得(做)某事;be (not) worth it(不)值得。例如:

One of the pictures is worth £50,000. 其中一幅画值5万英镑。

The local museum is worth a visit. 当地这家博物馆值得参观。

A lot of the small towns in the area are really worth visiting. 这个地区的许多小镇确实值得去看一看。

名词用法:本义指金钱上的“价值”,可喻指“意义,作用,重要性”;常用于ten pounds’/$500 worth of sth.这样的结构,表示“价值10英镑/500美元的东西”。例如:

The new computer system has already proved its worth. 新的计算机系统已经证明了它的价值。

The fire caused thousands of pounds’ worth of loss. 火灾造成了数千英镑的损失。

词性转换:worthy  adj.值得的,有价值的;配得上的:be worthy of 值得……的;worthless  adj.无价值的,不值钱的;worthiness  n.值得,相当,有价值

同义词:value  n.价值

 

(2019年,安徽卷,阅读A)The island’s blue sea, white-sand beaches and the forests are well worth seeing.

22. wound

v.伤,伤害;n.创伤,伤口

动词用法:通常使用过去分词形式,用一些副词搭配使用,如be badly/seriously wounded严重受伤。例如:

Five people were killed and many others were seriously wounded in the fight. 在打斗中五人死亡,多人受重伤。

名词用法:前面常用一些名词作定语修饰wound,如a leg/head wound腿伤/头伤。例如:

He suffered a serious gun wound in the war.在战争中他受了严重的枪伤。

词性转换:wounded  adj.受伤的

同义词:hurt  v.使受伤

 

(2019年,江苏卷,完形)

A doctor treated the wound on her back and asked if   27   had any other injuries.

27. A. she       B. he       C. it        D. they

23. young

adj.年轻的

用法:本义指“幼小的,年轻的”,可喻指国家、组织或学科“新兴的,新成立的”;the young可以作名词,表示“年轻人”;the younger可用于姓名之前或之后,以区别年纪长幼,如younger sister妹妹;William Pitt the Younger 小威廉·皮特。例如:

When I was young, I wanted to be a model. 我年轻时候想当模特。

At that time, America was still a young nation. 当时,美国还是个年轻的国家。

It’s a movie that will attract the young. 这部电影年轻人会感兴趣。

词性转换:youth  n.青年;青春;青少年时期:He had a dream of becoming a musician in his youth. 他年轻时有当音乐家的梦想;youngster  n.年轻人,少年

反义词:old/aged  adj.老的,年迈的

 

(2019年,山东卷,完形)But nowadays, the younger people do the traditional way less.

福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:三角形

福建省厦门市七年级数学下学期暑假专练:三角形,福建省,厦门市,三角形,莲山课件.